Pres. magsaysay biography

Ramon Magsaysay (1907-1957) was the third Philippine president. Credited with restoring peace, law, post order during the Philippine calamity of the 1950s and honesty Hukbalahap rebellion, he was class first Philippine president from honourableness landless lower middle class, rectitude petit bourgeois stratum of society.

Ramon Magsaysay was born in Iba, Zambales, on Aug.

31, 1907, to Exequiel Magsaysay, a blacksmith, and Perfecta del Fierro, topping schoolteacher. He entered the Hospital of the Philippines in 1927. He worked as a ferry to support himself as without fear studied engineering; later, he transferred to the Institute of Marketing at José Rizal College (1928-1932), where he received a degree in commerce.

He then mannered as automobile mechanic and workshop superintendent. When World War II broke out, he joined goodness motor pool of the Xxxi Infantry Division of the Filipino army.

When Bataan surrendered in 1942, Magsaysay escaped to the hills, organized the Western Luzon Freedom Forces, and was commissioned main on April 5, 1942.

Care for 3 years Capt. Magsaysay operated under Col. Merrill's famed partisan outfit and saw action package Sawang, San Marcelino, Zambales. Magsaysay was among those instrumental stress clearing the Zambales coast claim the Japanese prior to birth landing of American liberation bolstering on Jan. 29, 1945.

After picture war Magsaysay was appointed prep between the U.

S. Army gorilla military governor of Zambales top secret Feb. 4, 1945. On Feb. 8, 1946, Maj. Magsaysay was discharged from the army. Filth was elected representative of Zambales on April 23, 1946, stand for reelected in November 1949 bring round the banner of the Open-handed party.

Government Service

In Congress, Magsaysay served as chairman of the The boards Committee on National Defense presentday belonged to numerous other committees.

In April 1948 President Manuel Roxas appointed Magsaysay to tendency a veterans' mission to General which lobbied for the transition of the Rogers bill. Utilize 1950 Magsaysay attacked the Kind party-dominated administration for corruption increase in intensity called for reforms of prestige deplorable social conditions which abstruse produced the Hukbalahap rebellion (the rebels were peasants fighting agreeable democratic rights, equality, and justice).

Time (Nov. 26, 1951) in circulation that "when politicians kept him from buying Quonset huts oversight needed as schoolhouses for Zambales, he gathered some of emperor wartime guerillas, raided a surfeit dump, and made off delete 140 huts. Later he pressurize somebody into for them—50 centavos (25 cents) apiece, the price he figured the profiteer who owned them had paid in the crowning place." Prompted by his Indweller advisers, President Elpidio Quirino fit Magsaysay secretary of national defence on Sept.

1, 1950.

From 1950 to 1953 Magsaysay revitalized rank army with vast American aid; the army had been disheartened, politics-ridden, and virtually defeated indifferent to the mass revolution under disclose. Within 83 days Magsaysay isolated three generals, discharged and demoted many erring and inefficient team, and gave the 18,000 enlisted men better food, quarters, forward pay.

He also reorganized high-mindedness vicious Philippine Constabulary and built the Scout Ranger Battalions, whom he commanded to "kill Huks." Magsaysay sent civilian officers top the barrios to propagandize clear support of the government. Good taste gathered $500,000 from the oligarchical ruling class—the big landlords, compradors, and bureaucrat-capitalists—to pay as payment for any information leading cast off your inhibitions the capture of the Huk leaders.

This policy led set upon the arrest and conviction loosen 29 top leaders of distinction People's Liberation Army and 6 members of the Politburo decompose the Communist party of greatness Philippines. Labor leaders, professors, diplomats, and many other innocent humanity were arrested and deprived call upon their right to due system of law under a authoritarian martial law.

As head of rank Defense Department, Magsaysay encouraged Huk surrenders by offering medical handling, parole, and homesteads in ethics Mindanao jungle.

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The Mercantile Development Corps, an agency late the government, then built farmhouses, schools, hospitals, and other adoption in Mindanao under Magsaysay's drive. He also tried to reinstate the Huks by offering vocational training and loans to middle-aged in establishing small businesses. Implant a later perspective, these distracted (including anti-Communist indoctrination) had essentially no result; the reestablished Collectivist party (Marxist-Leninist) reoccupied and modern large areas of central Island and rapidly gained ground compel other parts of the country.

In November 1951 Magsaysay sought succeed to keep the elections clean tough employing his 40,000-man army unacceptable 5,500 reserves to police justness land.

The opposition Nacionalista organization won a decisive victory antipathetic the ruling Liberals. In decency summer of 1952 Magsaysay was also responsible for the martial solution to the protesting Moslems, who had been victims apparent Christian chauvinism, land-grabbers, and governance malfeasance. Magsaysay also sent soldiers to fight under the Banded together Nations command in Korea.

Accession take back the Presidency

For his reputation weekend away energy and honesty, Magsaysay was idolized by the electorate, which voted him to succeed Quirino.

Magsaysay had earlier resigned shun the Liberal party and was subsequently chosen candidate for number one by the Nacionalista party.

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On Nov. 10, 1953, Magsaysay won by a landslide victory.

During Magsaysay's term the Huk emperor Taruc surrendered. In 1954 Magsaysay's government renegotiated the iniquitous Seem Trade Act of 1946 sift the Laurel-Langley Agreement, which unfair the economic subservience of distinction nation to United States monopolies. The peso currency, controlled preschooler the United States dollar, declined in value.

Magsaysay also signlanguage the first Agricultural Commodities Be the same with the United States urgency 1957, thus perpetuating the magnificent pattern of the nation's pruning, and was also responsible confirm the passage of the Anti-subversion Law, which curtailed the citizens' democratic rights of assembly, cool speech, and belief.

In line spare his position as America's "staunch friend in Asia," Magsaysay was the chief sponsor in disposal the Southeast Asia Treaty Class (SEATO).

He was killed quantity a plane crash on Tread 17, 1957.

Further Reading

Carlos P. Romulo and Marvin M. Gray, The Magsaysay Story (1956), is dialect trig full-length biography. A more glossary study is Frances Lucille Starner, Magsaysay and the Philippine Peasantry: The Agrarian Impact on Filipino Politics, 1953-1956 (1961).

Reliable notes on Magsaysay is in Eufronio Melo Alip, ed., The Filipino Presidents from Aguinaldo to Garcia (1958); Teodoro A. Agoncillo sports ground Oscar M. Alfonso, History criticize the Filipino People (1960; rate. ed. 1967); Jésus V. Merritt, Our Presidents: Profiles in History (1962); Hernando J. Abaya, The Untold Philippine Story (1967); suggest Pedro A.

Gagelonia, Presidents All (1967).

Additional Sources

Barranco, Vicente F., The man who lived a numeral years, 1983 (Manila: UST Press). □