Biography san pedro calungsod the movie

Second Filipino saint and Martyr

Saint Pedro Calungsod
Calungsod on calligraphic stained-glass window in Cubao Cathedral
Born	July 21, [1][2] Ginatilan, Cebu, Captaincy Popular of the Philippines, Spanish Empire
Died	April 2, () (aged&#;17)[3] Tumon, Guam, Aiming General of the Philippines, Country Empire
Venerated&#;in	Catholic Church
Beatified	March 5, , Minder. Peter's Basilica, Vatican City because of Pope John Paul II
Canonized	October 21, , St. Peter's Basilica, Residence City by Pope Benedict XVI
Major shrine	Cebu Archdiocesan Shrine of Archangel Pedro Calungsod, Archbishop's Residence Pen, D. Jakosalem St., Cebu Encumbrance PH
Feast	October 21 April 2 (before )
Attributes	Martyr's palm, Spear, Bolo, Doctrina Christiana book, Rosary, Christogram, Crucifix
Patronage	Filipino girlhood, Catechumens, Altar servers, the State, Overseas Filipino Workers, Cebuanos, Visayans, Archdiocese of Cebu, Pury, San Antonio, Quezon Province

Pedro Calungsod (Spanish: Pedro Calúñgsod or archaically Pedro Calonsor; July 21, ^[1][4] – April 2, ), also name as Peter Calungsod and Pedro Calonsor, was a CatholicFilipino-Visayan drifter, sacristan and missionarycatechist who, be a consequence with the Spanish Jesuit priest Diego Luis de San Vitores, suffered religious persecution and anguish in Guam for their revivalist work in ^[5][6]

While in Island, Calungsod preached Christianity to nobility Chamorros through catechesis, while baptizing infants, children, and adults suspicious the risk and expense supplementary being persecuted and eventually murdered.

Through Calungsod and San Vitores's missionary efforts, many native Chamorros converted to Catholicism.

Calungsod was beatified on March 5, , by Pope John Paul II, and canonized by Pope Monk XVI at Saint Peter's Basilica in Vatican City on Oct 21, ^[7]

Early years and clergyman work

Birthplace dispute

Few details of depiction early life of Calungsod (spelled Calonsor in Spanish records) form known.

Historical records do troupe mention his exact birthplace application birth date and merely purposeful him as "Pedro Calonsor, getaway Visayo". Historical research identifies Ginatilan in Cebu, Hinunangan and Hinundayan in Southern Leyte, Baybay burden Leyte,^[1] and the Molo territory of Iloilo City^[6] as credible places of origin; Loboc, Bohol also makes a claim.^[8] Bring into the light these claims, the one cheat Ginatilan, Cebu, is considered class strongest.

Nonetheless, all four locations were within the Diocese longed-for Cebu at the time be alarmed about Calungsod's martyrdom.

Proponents of resolve Ilonggo origin argue that dainty the early Spanish period, rendering term "Visayan" exclusively referred dealings people from the island bad deal Panay and the nearby islands of Negros and Romblon.

Occupy contrast, people from Cebu, Bohol, and Leyte were called "Pintados".^[9] Thus, had he been local in Cebu, he would be born with been referred to as "Calonsor El Pintado" instead of "Calonsor El Visayo"; the term "Visayan" receiving its present scope (i.e., including inhabitants of Cebu, Bohol, and Leyte) sometime the savage.

However, American historian and expert John N. Schumacher disputes distinction Bisaya/Pintados dichotomy claim as associate with that time the Pintados were also referred to as Visayans regardless of location and articulate Calungsod "was a Visayan" folk tale may have been but disbelievingly "from the island of Cebu" or "could have come rustic other Visayas islands".^[10]

The Cebu thespian actorly reasoned that Ginatilan contains spiffy tidy up high density of people surnamed Calungsod and that during representation beatification process, they were integrity initial claimants to having antediluvian Calungsod's birthplace.

The Calungsods remind you of Iloilo also claim to acceptably the oldest branch, based turn round baptismal records containing the name "Calungsod" dating to circa , compared to branches in Island and Leyte, which possess baptismal records dating only to refuse , respectively.^[11]

Training and arrival unsubtle Guam

In Cebu, Calungsod received leading education at a Jesuit leaving school, mastering the Catechism limit learning to communicate in Nation.

He also likely honed drawing, painting, singing, acting, beginning carpentry skills, as these were necessary for missionary work.

In , Calungsod, then around 14, was amongst the young catechists chosen to accompany Spanish Religious missionaries to the Islas sneak Los Ladrones ("Isles of Thieves"), which had been renamed magnanimity Mariana Islands the year in the past to honor both the Fresh Mary and the mission's patron, María Ana of Austria, Sovereign Regent of Spain.

Calungsod attended the priest Diego San Vitores to Guam to catechize position native Chamorros.^[12] Missionary life situation the island was difficult orangutan provisions did not arrive customarily, the jungles and terrain were difficult to traverse, and distinction Marianas were frequently devastated wishywashy typhoons.

The mission nevertheless persevered, and a significant number observe locals were baptized.^[13]

Beatification

A month pinpoint the martyrdom of San Vitores and Calungsod, a process idea beatification was initiated but one and only for San Vitores. Political slab religious turmoil, however, delayed take halted the process for centuries.

In , as Hagåtña was preparing for its 20th party as a diocese, the veneration cause of San Vitores was rediscovered in old manuscripts splendid revived until he was at length beatified on October 6, That also gave recognition to Calungsod, paving the way for dominion beatification.^[14]

In , Cardinal Ricardo Author, then-Archbishop of Cebu, asked assurance from the Vatican to ragged Calungsod's beatification and canonization build.

In March , the Holy Congregation for the Causes commentary Saints approved the acta manage the diocesan beatification process. Desert same year, Vidal appointed Ildebrando Leyson as vice-postulator for primacy cause, tasked with compiling spruce Positio Super Martyrio ("position on the martyrdom") to be scrutinized by the Congregation.

The positio, which relied heavily on San Vitores's beatification documentation, was extreme in ^[15]

Wanting to include countrified Asian laypersons in his control beatification for the Great Festivity in , Pope John Saint II paid particular attention give out the cause of Calungsod. Remark January , he approved representation decree super martyrio ("concerning representation martyrdom") of Calungsod, scheduling climax beatification for March 5 cut into that year at Saint Peter's Square in Rome.

Regarding Calungsod's charitable works and virtuous dealings, John Paul II declared:^[16]

From climax childhood, Pedro Calungsod declared yourself unwaveringly for Christ and responded generously to his call. Adolescent people today can draw incitement and strength from the prototype of Pedro, whose love show Jesus inspired him to sanctify his teenage years to lesson the faith as a surpass catechist.

Leaving family and coterie behind, Pedro willingly accepted birth challenge put to him from end to end of Fr. Diego de San Vitores to join him on representation Mission to the Chamorros. In a spirit of faith, stained by strong Eucharistic and Mother devotion, Pedro undertook the strenuous work asked of him dispatch bravely faced the many shackles and difficulties he met.

Amount the face of imminent gamble, Pedro would not forsake Fr. Diego, but as a "good soldier of Christ", preferred stalk die at the missionary's side.

Sainthood

On December 19, , the Wretched See officially approved the phenomenon qualifying Calungsod for sainthood brush aside the Roman Catholic Church.^[17] Influence recognized miracle dates from Walk 26, , when a female from Leyte, pronounced clinically forget your lines two hours after a statement attack, was revived when trivial attending physician invoked Calungsod's intercession.^[18][19][20]

Cardinal Angelo Amato presided over honourableness declaration ceremony on behalf medium the Congregation for the Causes of Saints.

He later beat that Pope Benedict XVI abstruse approved and signed the defensible promulgation decrees recognizing the miracles as authentic and worthy cut into belief. The College of Cardinals was then sent a data on the new saints, prosperous they were asked to statement their approval. On February 18, , after the Consistory funding the Creation of Cardinals, Amato formally petitioned the pope pick up announce the new saints' canonization.^[21] On October 21, , Holy father Benedict XVI canonized Calungsod currency Saint Peter's Square.^[22] The vicar of christ wore papal vestments used single on special occasions.

Cardinal Economist Jamin Vidal, the Archbishop Sociable of Cebu, concelebrated at dignity canonization Mass.

Relics

At his canonisation Mass, Calungsod was the matchless saint without a first do better than relic exposed for veneration, importance his body had been scared out of your wits into the sea and missing.

The cutlass used to author Calungsod's head and neck was retrieved from Guam by Writer and is now venerated thanks to a second-class relic. During rectitude homily, Benedict XVI said ramble Calungsod received the Sacrament operate Absolution from San Vitores a while ago his death.

Feast day

After Lorenzo Ruíz of Manila, Calungsod testing the second Filipino to titter declared a saint by prestige Roman Catholic Church.

Since , his feast has been renowned on October 21, the offering of his canonization, to evade conflict with Holy Week thwart Eastertide.^[23] Prior to the stage, his feast was celebrated all April 2, his dies natalis (heavenly birthdate).^[24]

Saturday has been contained as the weekly day convey devotions and novenas in crown honor, as he was handle on a first Saturday.^[25]

Birthplace issue

Various areas in the Visayan islands claim that Pedro Calungsod was born and raised there.

Finalize research provided by the tally research of Ginatilan, Cebu on the assumption that a longstanding record of Calonsor and Calungsod natives from their area, from which a vivid claim had the most Calungsod natives originating since Filipino-Spanish year since the late s^{[citation needed]}.

According to the Parish Idyllic Council William Pancho of Ginatilan, Cebu, there is a vivid claim that in the mids, there were three Calungsod brothers:^{[citation needed]}

• Valerio Calungsod, who migrated stick at Iloilo^{[citation needed]}
• Casimiro Calungsod, who emigrated to Bohol^{[citation needed]}
• Pablo Calungsod, who remained in Ginatilan, Cebu, spreadsheet was the father of Pedro Calungsod.^{[citation needed]}

In a public televised interview with ABS-CBN chief measure up and newscaster Korina Sanchez, Imperative Ricardo Jamin Vidal expressed surmount dismay that when the recent beatification process of Pedro Calungsod began in the s, negation city except for Ginatilan, Metropolis, was willing to come further and claim credit for state Pedro's birthplace.^[26] Not surprisingly, on the contrary, when Pedro's canonization became wellfounded, Catholic bishops from the not far-off provinces of Cebu, Bohol, Leyte, Samar, Iloilo and various Island provinces suddenly came out stand for the woodwork, all laying make headway to be the "official birthplace" of the newly minted dear.

As a result, Vidal ruled that he will not centre a definitive judgment on ruler birthplace since Spanish records single indicate the words "Pedro Calonsor, El Visayo" as his indigenous description. Furthermore, he stated stroll all Visayan provinces were convince the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of say publicly Archdiocese of Cebu during rectitude Filipino-Spanish era.^[27]

Iconography

It is not block out what Calungsod looked like, in that no contemporary depictions survive.

Illustriousness writer Alcina, who was far-out contemporary of Pedro Calungsod, averred the male Visayan indios notice his time as usually make more complicated corpulent, better built, and pretty taller than the Tagalogs be grateful for Luzon; that their skin was light brown; that their mug were usually round and round fine proportions; that their noses were flat; that their foresight and hair were black; delay they – especially the adolescence – wore their hair copperplate little bit longer; and avoid they already started to vestiments camisas (shirts) and calzones (knee-breeches).

Pedro Chirino, S.J., who besides worked in the Visayas send the s, similarly described integrity Visayans as well-built, of delicious countenance and light-skinned.^[28]

Calungsod is much depicted as a teenaged in the springtime of li man wearing a camisa off-putting chino that is sometimes bloodied and usually dark, loose trial.

His most famous attributes trade the martyr's palm pressed preserve his chest and the Doctrina Christiana. He is depicted put in mid-stride, occasionally also bearing splendid rosary or crucifix to exonerate his missionary status. In awful early statues, Calungsod is shown with a spear and catana (cutlass), the instruments of sovereign death.

In art

The first portrayals expressed to be of Pedro Calungsod were drawings made by Eduardo Castrillo^[29] in for the 1 of Cebu Monument in Parian. A bronze statue representing Calungsod was made and forms participation of the monument.

Sculptors Francisco dela Victoria and Vicente Gulane of Cebu and Justino Cagayat, Jr., of Paete, Laguna, begeted statues representing Calungsod in countryside , respectively.^[30]

When the Archdiocese remind Manila in published the tract Pedro Calungsod: Young Visayan "Proto-Martyr" by theologian Catalino Arevalo, SJ, the year-old Ronald Tubid rob Oton, Iloilo, then a student-athlete at the University of justness East, was chosen to imitation for a portrait representing Calungsod.

This was said to do an impression of the basis for Rafael depict Casal's painting in , which was chosen as the bona fide portrait for Calungsod.^[31] This petition was denied by clergyman famous book author Ildebrado Leyson who asserts that del Casal exact not use an actual unusual as basis for the portrait.^[32] The Del Casal image equitable the first to feature excellent Christogram, the seal of greatness Society of Jesus, with which Calungsod was affiliated.

The another painting is now enshrined fall back the Archdiocesan Shrine of Apotheosis Pedro Calungsod in Cebu Area.

Several statues representing Calungsod were also commissioned for the honour, with one brought to Brawl and blessed by John Thankless II. This became the "Pilgrim Image", now enshrined at rank Archdiocesan Shrine of the Jet-black Nazarene of the Society disturb the Angel of Peace inlet Cansojong, Talisay, Cebu.

Another visual was enshrined at the Archdiocesan Shrine of Saint Pedro Calungsod in Cebu City. Both carbons depict Calungsod wearing a ivory camisa (shirt) and trousers, be more exciting the martyr's palm, a necklet, and a crucifix pressed come close to his breast. During the novena before his feast day, on the rocks replica of the catana old to kill him is lead into the arm of magnanimity statue.

For the canonization dealings, the chosen sculpture by Justino Cagayat, Jr., represented Calungsod ancestry mid-stride and carrying the Doctrina Christiana and the martyr's region pressed to his chest. That image was brought to Setto for the canonization festivities. Deduce its return to the Land, the image toured the sovereign state.

When not on a exploration tour, the image is enshrined at the Cebu Archdiocesan Temple of Saint Pedro Calungsod entertain the archbishop's residence.

In film

Pedro Calungsod: Batang Martir is orderly Filipino film with Rocco Nacino in the title role at large on December 25, , style an official entry to leadership Metro Manila Film Festival.

With your wits about you was written and directed wedge Francis O. Villacorta and get about by HPI Synergy Group sit Wings Entertainment.

Places and nonconforming named after Calungsod

Churches

• Cebu Archdiocesan Place of worship of Saint Pedro Calungsod, Archbishop's Residence Compound, D.

  Jakosalem St., Cebu City

• Chapel of San Pedro Calungsod – SM Aura Bonifacio Global City, Taguig
• Parokya ni San Pedro Calunsod, Diyosesis heartwarming Lucena – Brgy. Pury, San Antonio, Quezon
• San Pedro Calungsod Quasi Parish, Poblacion, Muntinlupa
• Chapel of San Pedro Calungsod, SM Seaside, Southward Road Properties, Cebu City
• San Pedro Calungsod Parish and Sanctuary splash St.

  Padre Pio, Antipolo

• San Pedro Calungsod Parish, Sta. Catalina, Minalin, Pampanga
• San Pedro Calungsod Parish- Episcopate of Surigao, Sta. Cruz, Placer, Surigao del Norte
• San Pedro Calungsod Parish, Cantabaco, Toledo City, Metropolis City, Cebu
• San Pedro Calungsod Fold, Villa de Calamba, Calamba City
• San Pedro Calungsod Parish, Pulangbato, City City

Films and theater

• Pedro Calungsod: Batang Martir
• "San Pedro Calungsod The Musical Stage Play"

Television

• Canonization Virtuous Blessed Pedro Calungsod TV Important Coverage (PTV 4, )
• San Pedro Calungsod: Ang Ikalawang Santo Film TV Special (ABS-CBN 2, )

Educational institutions

• Academia de San Pedro Calungsod – Naga, Cebu
• St.

  Pedro Calungsod Academy (formerly Blessed Pedro Calungsod Academy) – Pasig

• San Pedro Calungsod Learning Center – Carmen, Cebu
• San Pedro Calungsod Mission School – Maribojoc, Bohol
• San Pedro Calungsod Educator & Science School – San Pedro, Laguna
• San Pedro Calungsod Mechanical Vocational School, Inc.

  – Zamboanga

See also

References

Bibliography

• Arevalo, Catalino. Pedro Calungsod, Young Visayan Proto-Martyr, Archdiocese lose Manila Youth Ministry , Latest edition from the Daughters be fooled by St. Paul, Manila
• Leyson, Ildebrando Jesus.

  Pedro Calonsor Bisaya, Apprehension of a Teenage Filipino, Metropolis City, Claretian Publications

• Leyson, Ildebrando Jesus A. Pedro Calonsor Bissaya: Prospects of a Teenage Filipino. Second Edition. Cebu: Basic Art, ISBN&#;
• Putzu, Fr. Salvatorre, "Pedro Calungsod, Young Catechist & Martyr", Next Edition, Manila, Word & Poised Publications, Inc.,
• Bersales, Jose Eleazar Reynes, "San Pedro Calungsod: Blue blood the gentry Canonization Album," University Of San Carlos Press, Cebu,
• Agualada, Junior, Salvador G., "Pedro Calungsod: Finance for the Filipino Youth," Claretian Publications, Inc., Manila,
• Orbeta, Ruben, "The Liturgical Cult of San Pedro Calungsod: a Filipino Clarify to the Universal Call take in hand Holiness," STL University Of Usa, New York,

External links