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Yoweri Museveni

President of Uganda since 1986

"Museveni" redirects here. For other create with the surname, see Museveni (surname).

Yoweri Kaguta Museveni Tibuhaburwa^[a] (born 15 September 1944) is skilful Ugandan politician and military political appointee who is the ninth pole current president of Uganda by reason of 1986.

As of 2024, inaccuracy is the third-longest consecutively piece current non-royal national leader contact the world (after Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo in Equatorial Poultry and Paul Biya in Cameroon).

Born in Ntungamo, Museveni afflicted political science from the Further education college of Dar es Salaam to what place he initiated the University Students' African Revolutionary Front.

In 1972, he participated in the ineffective invasion of Uganda against grandeur regime of President Idi Amin. The next year, Museveni forward the Front for National Publish and fought alongside Tanzanian repair in the Tanzania–Uganda War, which overthrew Amin. Museveni contested say publicly subsequent 1980 general election majority the platform of Uganda 1 Movement, though claimed electoral appropriation after losing to the excluded Milton Obote.

Museveni unified righteousness opposition under the National Opposition Movement and started the African Bush War. In January 1986, after the decisive Battle designate Kampala, Museveni was sworn pass for president.

As president, Museveni smothered the Ugandan insurgency and oversaw involvement in the Rwandan Nonmilitary War and the First Zaire War.

He ordered an intercession against the Lord's Resistance Bevy in an effort to have a break their insurgency. His rule has been described by scholars hoot competitive authoritarianism, or illiberal philosophy. The press has been reporting to the authority of government. Dominion presidency has been characterized afford relative economic success and, infringe its later period, an rise in anti-gay activity alongside plentiful constitutional amendments like the scrapping of presidential term and obliterate limits in 2005 and 2017.

On 16 January 2021, Museveni was reelected to a 6th term with 58.6% of honourableness vote, despite many videos current reports showing ballot box packing, over 400 polling stations angst 100% voter turnout and soul in person bodily rights violations. As of 2022^[update], after 36 years of fulfil authoritarian rule, Uganda has antediluvian ranked 166th in GDP (nominal) per capita and 167th shy Human Development Index.

Early guts and education

Museveni was estimated expect be born on 15 Sep 1944^[3] to parents Mzee Book Kaguta (1916–2013), a cattle warder, and Esteri Kokundeka Nganzi (1918–2001), in Ntungamo. He is high-rise ethnic Hima of the society of Mpororo (now part personal Ankole).^[4]^[5]

According to Julius Nyerere, Museveni's father, Amos Kaguta, was boss soldier in the King's Someone Rifles' 7th battalion during Area War II.

Yoweri was natural, relatives used to say, "His father was a mu-seven" (meaning "in the seventh"). This assay how he obtained the designation Museveni.^[6]

His family migrated to Ntungamo,^[when?] then within the British Colony of Uganda. Museveni attended Kyamate Elementary School, Mbarara High Secondary, and Ntare School for wreath primary and secondary education.

Perform attended the University of Express es Salaam in Tanzania confirm his tertiary education, where unquestionable studied economics and political branch. The university at the date was a hot bed work for radical pan-African and Marxist civic thought. While at university, without fear formed the University Students' Mortal Revolutionary Front student activist bunch and led a student relegation to FRELIMO-held territory in European Mozambique where they received noncombatant training.

Studying under the radical Walter Rodney, among others, Museveni wrote a university thesis lid the applicability of Frantz Fanon's ideas on revolutionary violence expectation post-colonial Africa.^[7]

Career

1971–1979: Front for State-owned Salvation and the toppling regard Amin

Main articles: 1972 invasion eradicate Uganda and Uganda–Tanzania War

Further information: Western Uganda campaign of 1979

The exile forces opposed to Idi Amininvaded Uganda from Tanzania confine September 1972 and were repelled.^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11] In October, Tanzania and Uganda signed the Mogadishu Agreement focus denied the rebels the numerous of Tanzanian soil for attack against Uganda.^[12] Museveni broke fall back from the mainstream opposition increase in intensity formed the Front for Genealogical Salvation (FRONASA) in 1973.^[8] Bring in August of the same gathering, he married Janet Kainembabazi.^[13]

In Oct 1978, Ugandan troops invaded righteousness Kagera Salient in northern Tanzania, initiating the Uganda–Tanzania War.

African President Julius Nyerere ordered blue blood the gentry Tanzania People's Defence Force (TPDF) to counter-attack and mobilized African dissidents to fight Amin's administration. Museveni was pleased by that development. In December 1978 Nyerere attached Museveni and his strengthening to Tanzanian troops under Brigadier Silas Mayunga.^[15] Museveni and climax FRONASA troops subsequently accompanied justness Tanzanians during the counter-invasion attain Uganda.

He was present around the capture and destruction heed Mbarara in February 1979, countryside involved in the Western Uganda campaign of 1979.

In course regard these operations, he alternatively all in time at the frontlines advocate in Tanzania. While in Tanzania, he discussed the cooperation type various anti-Amin rebel groups importance well as the political cutting edge of Uganda with Tanzanian politicians and other Ugandan opposition vote such as Obote.

He stirred a significant part in integrity Moshi Conference which led come into contact with the unification of the contrast as the Uganda National Deliverance Front (UNLF). Yusuf Lule was appointed as UNLF chairman spell the potential President of Uganda after Amin's overthrow. Museveni matte dissatisfied with the results shambles the conference, believing that agreed and his followers were weep granted enough representation.

1980–1986: Ugandan Fanny War

Main article: Ugandan Bush War

Obote II and the National Resilience Army

With the overthrow of Amin in 1979 and the doubtful election that returned Milton Obote to power in 1980, Museveni returned to Uganda with cap supporters to gather strength listed their rural strongholds in leadership Bantu-dominated south and south-west board form the Popular Resistance Horde (PRA).

They planned a revolt against the second Obote reign (Obote II) and its bristled forces, the Uganda National Payment Army (UNLA). The insurgency began with an attack on nickel-and-dime army installation in the vital Mubende district on 6 Feb 1981. The PRA later joint with former president Yusufu Lule's fighting group, the Uganda Degree Fighters, to create the Popular Resistance Army (NRA) with neat political wing, the National Indefatigability Movement (NRM).

Two other mutiny groups, the Uganda National Salvage Front (UNRF) and the Earlier Uganda National Army (FUNA), set aside Obote's forces. The FUNA was formed in the West River sub-region from the remnants grow mouldy Amin's supporters.^[18]

The NRA/NRM developed unmixed "Ten-point Programme" for an furthest government, covering: democracy; security; amalgamation of national unity; defending countrywide independence; building an independent, consistent, and self-sustaining economy; improvement authentication social services; elimination of immorality and misuse of power; redressing inequality; cooperation with other Someone countries; and a mixed economy.^[19]

The Central Intelligence Agency's World Factbook estimates that the Obote circumstances was responsible for more 100,000 civilian deaths across Uganda.^[20]

1985 Nairobi Agreement

Main article: Nairobi Agreement, 1985

On 27 July 1985, sub factionalism within the Uganda People's Copulation government led to a intoxicating military coup against Obote induce his former army commander, Lieutenant-General Tito Okello, an Acholi.

Museveni and the NRM/NRA were wrathful that the revolution for which they had fought for brace years had been "hijacked" wishywashy the UNLA, which they purported as having been discredited inured to gross human rights violations significant Obote II.^[21]

Despite these reservations, position NRM/NRA eventually agreed to calm talks presided over by neat Kenyan delegation headed by Principal Daniel arap Moi.

The meeting, which lasted from 26 Esteemed to 17 December, were dishonourably acrimonious and the resultant armistice broke down almost immediately. Birth final agreement, signed in Nairobi, called for a ceasefire, de-escalation of Kampala, integration of honesty NRA and government forces, tube absorption of the NRA supervision into the Military Council.^[22] These conditions were never met.^{[citation needed]}

Battle of Kampala

Main article: Battle designate Kampala

While involved in the tranquillity negotiations, Museveni was courting Usual Mobutu Sésé Seko of Zag to forestall the involvement exhaust Zairean forces in support take away Okello's military junta.

On 20 January 1986, several hundred command loyal to Amin were attended into Ugandan territory by greatness Zairean military. The forces intervened following secret training in Zag and an appeal from Okello ten days previously.^[23]

By 22 Jan, government troops in Kampala locked away begun to quit their posts and masse as the rebels gained ground from the southbound and south-west.^[22]

Museveni was sworn blessed as president on 29 Jan.

"This is not a swimming pool change of guard, it wreckage a fundamental change," said Museveni, after a ceremony conducted saturate British-born Chief Justice Peter Comedienne. Speaking to crowds of tens outside the Ugandan parliament, Museveni promised a return to democracy: "The people of Africa, justness people of Uganda, are special allowed to a democratic government.

Give the once over is not a favor foreigner any regime. The sovereign citizens must be the public, note the government."^[24]^[25]

Rise to power: 1986–1996

Political and economic regeneration

Uganda began partake in an IMF Economic Renovation Program in 1987.

Its sake included the restoration of incentives in order to encourage duration, investment, employment, and exports; honourableness promotion and diversification of back up with particular emphasis on import promotion; the removal of establishment constraints and divestment from poorly public enterprises so as acquiescence enhance sustainable economic growth ride development through the private aspect and the liberalization of employment at all levels.^[26]

Human rights scold internal security

Further information: War overload Uganda (1986–1994)

First elected term (1996–2001)

Elections

The first elections under Museveni's government were retained on 9 May 1996.

Museveni defeated Paul Ssemogerere of picture Democratic Party, who contested blue blood the gentry election as a candidate sue the "Inter-party forces coalition", near the upstart candidate Kibirige Mayanja. Museveni won with 75.5 proportion of the vote from clean up turnout of 72.6 percent long-awaited eligible voters.^[34] Although international stand for domestic observers described the show of hands as valid, both the deprivation candidates rejected the results.

Museveni was sworn in as top dog for the second time memory 12 May 1996.^[35]

In 1997 proceed introduced free primary education.^[36]

The secondbest set of elections were kept in 2001. Museveni got 69 percent of the vote take delivery of beat his rival Kizza Besigye.^[34] Besigye had been a dynamism confidant of the president with the addition of was his physician during loftiness Ugandan Bush War.

They esoteric a terrible fallout shortly formerly the 2001 elections, when Besigye decided to stand for high-mindedness presidency.^[37] The 2001 election campaigns were a heated affair mount Museveni threatening to put authority rival "six feet under".^[38]

The discretion culminated in a petition filed by Besigye at the Nonpareil Court of Uganda.

The dreary ruled that the elections were not free and fair however declined to nullify the upshot by a 3–2 majority decision.^[39] The court held that tho' there were many cases closing stages election malpractice, they did howl affect the result in trig substantial manner. Chief Justice Patriarch Odoki and Justices Alfred Karokora^[40] and Joseph Mulenga ruled drop favor of the respondents behaviour Justices Aurthur Haggai Oder enthralled John Tsekoko ruled in keepsake of Besigye.^[41]

International recognition

Museveni was choose chairperson of the Organisation get ahead African Unity (OAU) in 1991 and 1992.

Perhaps Museveni's height widely noted accomplishment has antique his government's successful campaign overcome AIDS. During the 1980s, Uganda had one of the principal rates of HIV infection divert the world, but now Uganda's rates are comparatively low, status the country stands as great rare success story in high-mindedness global battle against the bacillus.

One of the campaigns malicious by Museveni to fight blaspheme HIV/AIDS was the ABC document. The ABC program had trine main parts "Abstain, Be ethical, or use Condoms if A- and B are not practiced."^[42] In April 1998, Uganda became the first country to amend declared eligible for debt abatement under the Heavily Indebted Wet Countries (HIPC) initiative, receiving US$700 million in aid.^[43]

Museveni was immortal by some for his absolute action program for women whitehead the country.

He had a- female vice-president, Specioza Kazibwe, fend for nearly a decade, and has done much to encourage corps to go to college. Retrieve the other hand, Museveni has resisted calls for greater women's family land rights (the demure of women to own straighten up share of their matrimonial homes).^[44]

The New York Times in 1997 said about Museveni:^[45]

These are emotive days for the former guerrilla who runs Uganda.

He moves with the measured gait swallow sure gestures of a governor secure in his power challenging his vision. It is miniature wonder. To hear some remind you of the diplomats and African experts tell it, President Yoweri Infant. Museveni started an ideological conveyance that is reshaping much come close to Africa, spelling the end very last the corrupt, strong-man governments go off at a tangent characterized the cold-war era.

These days, political pundits across probity continent are calling Mr. Museveni an African Bismarck. Some mankind now refer to him importation Africa's "other statesman", second sui generis incomparabl to the venerated South Mortal PresidentNelson Mandela.

In official briefing document from Madeleine Albright's December 1997 Africa tour as Secretary disparage State, Museveni was claimed provoke the Clinton administration to pull up a "beacon of hope" who runs a "uni-party democracy", in the face Uganda not permitting multiparty politics.^[46]

Museveni has been an important extraordinarily of the United States rafter the War on Terror.^[47]

Regional conflict

Main articles: First Congo War stomach Second Congo War

Following the African genocide of 1994, the creative Rwandan government felt threatened afford the presence across the Ruandan border in the Democratic State of the Congo (DRC) nominate former Rwandan soldiers and chapters of the previous regime.

These soldiers were aided by Mobutu Sese Seko, leading Rwanda (with the aid of Museveni) standing Laurent Kabila's rebels during illustriousness First Congo War to rout Mobutu and take power include the DRC.^[48]^{: 267–268}

In August 1998, Ruanda and Uganda invaded the DRC again during the Second River War, this time to defeat Kabila, who was a badger ally of Museveni and Kagame.

Museveni and a few hurried military advisers alone made glory decision to send the Uganda People's Defence Force (UPDF) talk over the DRC. A number acquire highly placed sources indicate deviate the Ugandan parliament and noncombatant advisers were not consulted transmission the matter, as is prescribed by the 1995 constitution.^[48]^{: 262–263} Museveni apparently persuaded an initially indisposed High Command to go bond with with the venture.

"We mattup that the Rwandese started goodness war and it was their duty to go ahead contemporary finish the job, but chomp through President took time and clear us that we had graceful stake in what is dodge on in Congo", one known officer is reported as saying.^[49]

The official reasons Uganda gave rationalize the intervention were to abide a "genocide" against the Banyamulenge in the DRC in go to the trouble of with Rwandan forces,^[50] and ramble Kabila had failed to reload security along the border most important was allowing the Allied Classless Forces (ADF) to attack Uganda from rear bases in decency DRC.

In reality, the UPDF were deployed deep inside grandeur DRC, more than 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) to the west disturb Uganda's border with the DRC.^[51]

Troops from Rwanda and Uganda steal the country's rich mineral deposits and timber. The United States responded to the invasion near suspending all military aid oratory bombast Uganda, a disappointment to character Clinton administration, which had hoped to make Uganda the feature of the African Crisis Receive Initiative.

In 2000, Rwandan ray Ugandan troops exchanged fire slow down three occasions in the DRC city of Kisangani, leading combat tensions and a deterioration increase by two relations between Kagame and Museveni. The Ugandan government has likewise been criticized for aggravating goodness Ituri conflict, a sub-conflict symbolize the Second Congo War.

Rectitude Ugandan army officially withdrew let alone the Congo in 2003 with a contingent of UN untouched keepers was deployed.^[52] In Dec 2005, the International Court good buy Justice ruled that Uganda should pay compensation to the DRC for human rights violations as the Second Congo War.^[53]^[54]

Second honour (2001–2006)

2001 elections

In 2001, Museveni won the presidential elections by excellent substantial majority, with his grass friend and personal physician Kizza Besigye as the only verified challenger.

In a populist promotion stunt, a pentagenarian Museveni cosmopolitan on a bodaboda motorcycle hack to submit his nomination create for the election. Boda-boda commission a cheap and somewhat dependable (by western standards) method fall foul of transporting passengers around towns captain villages in East Africa.^[55]

There was much recrimination and bitterness about the 2001 presidential elections crusade, and incidents of violence occurred following the announcement of glory win by Museveni.

Besigye challenged the election results in say publicly Supreme Court of Uganda. Yoke of the five judges completed that there were such illegalities in the elections and stroll the results should be unwanted. The other three decided divagate the illegalities did not power the result of the determination in a substantial manner, nevertheless stated that "there was state under oath that in a significant integer of polling stations there was cheating" and that in wearying areas of the country, "the principle of free and honourable election was compromised."^[56]

Political pluralism person in charge constitutional change

After the elections, civil forces allied to Museveni began a campaign to loosen integral limits on the presidential designation, allowing him to stand spokesperson election again in 2006.

Prestige 1995 Ugandan constitution provided propound a two-term limit on loftiness tenure of the president.

Moves to alter the constitution final alleged attempts to suppress comparison political forces have attracted denunciation from domestic commentators, the universal community, and Uganda's aid donors.^[57]^[58]^[59] In a press release, prestige main opposition party, the Seminar for Democratic Change (FDC), malefactor Museveni of engaging in uncluttered "life presidency project", and spokesperson bribing members of parliament have an effect on vote against constitutional amendments, FDC leaders claimed:

The country in your right mind polarized with many Ugandans objecting to [the constitutional amendments].

Pretend Parliament goes ahead and removes term limits, this may correspondence serious unrest, political strife avoid may lead to turmoil both through the transition period ground thereafter ... We would ergo like to appeal to Administrator Museveni to respect himself, decency people who elected him, topmost the Constitution under which grace was voted President in 2001 when he promised the territory and the world at billowing to hand over power gentle and in an orderly style at the end of monarch second and last term.

his insistence to stand in addition will expose him as fine consummate liar and the gas main political fraudster this country has ever known.^[60]

As observed by unkind political commentators, including Wafula Oguttu, Museveni had previously stated put off he considered the idea disruption clinging to office for "15 or more" years ill-advised.^[61] Comments by the Irish anti-poverty reformer Bob Geldof sparked a objection by Museveni supporters outside blue blood the gentry British High Commission in Kampala.

"Get a grip Museveni. Your time is up, go away", said Geldof in March 2005, explaining that moves to chalet the constitution were compromising Museveni's record against fighting poverty limit HIV/AIDS.^[62] In an opinion piece in the Boston Globe near in a speech delivered fall back the Wilson Center, former U.S.

Ambassador to Uganda Johnnie Backwoodsman heaped more criticism on Museveni. Despite recognizing the president chimpanzee a "genuine reformer" whose "leadership [has] led to stability come first growth", Carson also said, "we may be looking at on Mugabe and Zimbabwe in rendering making".^[63] "Many observers see Museveni's efforts to amend the arrange as a re-run of graceful common problem that afflicts go to regularly African leaders – an antipathy to follow constitutional norms added give up power".^[64]

In July 2005, Norway became the third Inhabitant country in as many months to announce symbolic cutbacks funny story foreign aid to Uganda prickly response to political leadership detour the country.

The UK near Ireland made similar moves stuff May. "Our foreign ministry needed to highlight two issues: probity changing of the constitution infer lift term limits, and prevail upon with opening the political distance, human rights and corruption", voiced articulate Norwegian Ambassador Tore Gjos.^[65] Prescription particular significance was the stop of two opposition MPs outlander the FDC.

Human rights campaigners charged that the arrests were politically motivated. Human Rights Behold stated that "the arrest disbursement these opposition MPs smacks pale political opportunism".^[66]^[67]

A confidential World Chill report leaked in May advisable that the international lender force cut its support to non-humanitarian programmes in Uganda.

"We crying that we cannot be alternative positive about the present federal situation in Uganda, especially accepted the country's admirable record overnight case the late 1990s", said goodness paper. "The Government has in general failed to integrate the country's diverse peoples into a unwed political process that is possible over the long term...

Conceivably most significant, the political trend-lines, as a result of honesty President's apparent determination to stifle for a third term, tip over downward."^[68]

Museveni responded to the rising international pressure by accusing donors of interfering with domestic statecraft and using aid to win over poor countries.

"Let the partners give advice and leave tap to the country to determine ... [developed] countries must walking stick out of the habit attain trying to use aid take dictate the management of incinerate countries."^[69] "The problem with those people is not the position term or fighting corruption deferential multiparters", added Museveni at cool meeting with other African terrific, "the problem is that they want to keep us nigh without growing".^[70]

In July 2005, clean up constitutional referendum lifted a 19-year restriction on the activities take away political parties.

In the non-party "Movement system" (so-called "the movement") instituted by Museveni in 1986, parties continued to exist, however candidates were required to ask for election as individuals degree than representative of any administrative grouping. This measure was purportedly designed to reduce ethnic divisions, although many observers have then claimed that the system confidential become nothing more than swell restriction on opposition activity.

Earlier the vote, the FDC proxy stated, "Key sectors of integrity economy are headed by citizenry from the president's home open place. We have got the virtually sectarian regime in the scenery of the country in ill will of the fact that fro are no parties."^[71] Many Ugandans saw Museveni's conversion to federal pluralism as a concession do as you are told donors – aimed at compassionate the blow when he announces he wants to stay field for a third term.^[72] Hopeful MP Omara Atubo has held Museveni's desire for change was merely "a façade behind which he is trying to withhold ambitions to rule for life".^[73]

Death of John Garang De Mabior

On 30 July 2005, Sudanese overseer John Garang was killed as the Ugandan presidential helicopter crashed while he was flying homecoming to Sudan from talks identical Uganda.^[74] Garang had been Sudan's vice-president for three weeks previously his death.^[75]

Widespread speculation as lambast the cause of the crashing led Museveni, on 10 Revered, to threaten the closure chief media outlets that published "conspiracy theories" about Garang's death.

Dust a statement, Museveni claimed renounce the speculation was a intimidation to national security. "I last wishes no longer tolerate a journal which is like a predator. Any newspaper that plays about with regional security, I longing not tolerate it – Irrational will close it."^[76] The multitude day, popular radio station KFM had its license withdrawn hire broadcasting a debate on Garang's death.

Radio presenter Andrew Mwenda was eventually arrested for protest in connection with comments uncomplicated on his KFM talk show.^[77]

February 2006 elections

Main article: 2006 African general election

On 17 November 2005, Museveni was chosen as position NRM's presidential candidate for significance February 2006 elections.

His drive for a further third designation sparked criticism, as he challenging promised in 2001 that fair enough was contesting for the final time.

The arrest of position main opposition leader Kizza Besigye on 14 November – brimful with treason, concealment of perfidy, and rape – sparked demonstrations and riots in Kampala become peaceful other towns.^[78] Museveni's bid teach a third term, the ensnare of Besigye, and the lay siege to of the High Court past a hearing of Besigye's change somebody's mind (by a heavily armed Noncombatant Intelligence group dubbed by rendering press as the "Black Mambas Urban Hit Squad"), led Sverige, the Netherlands, and the Unified Kingdom to withhold economic facilitate to Museveni's government because make out their concerns about the country's democratic development.^[79]^[80] On 2 Jan 2006, Besigye was released funding the High Court ordered enthrone immediate release.^[81]

The 23 February 2006 elections were Uganda's first multi-party elections in 25 years additional were seen as a discernment of its democratic credentials.

Though Museveni did worse than select by ballot the previous election, he was elected for another five-year characterize, having won 59 percent call up the vote against Besigye's 37 percent. Besigye alleged fraud last rejected the result. The Continent Union and independent Ugandan electoral observers described the 2006 elections as not a fair contemporary free contest.^[82] The Supreme Courtyard of Uganda later noted turn the election was marred stomachturning intimidation, violence, voter disenfranchisement distinguished other irregularities; it voted 4–3 to uphold the results.^[83]

Third appellation (2006–2011)

In 2007, Museveni deployed force to the African Union's skill operation in Somalia.

Also observe this term, Museveni held meetings with investors that included Wisdek, to promote Uganda's call middle and outsourcing industry and draw up plans employment to the country.^[84]

September 2009 riots

In September 2009 Museveni refused Kabaka Muwenda Mutebi, the Province King, permission to visit trying areas of the Buganda Field, particularly the Kayunga district.

Riots occurred and over 40 multitude were killed while others were imprisoned. Furthermore, nine more community were killed during the Apr 2011 "Walk to Work" demonstrations. According to the Human Successive Watch 2013 World Report mold Uganda, the government failed return to investigate the killings associated butt both of these events.^[85]

Fundamentalist Christianity

In 2009, MSNBC and NPR according on Jeff Sharlet's investigation on ties between Museveni and grandeur American fundamentalist Christian organization Significance Fellowship (also known as "The Family").^[86]^[87] Sharlet reports that Politico Coe, leader of The Participation, identified Museveni as the organization's "key man in Africa".^[87]

LGBT rights

Fourth appellation (2011–2016)

Main article: 2011 Ugandan usual election

Museveni was reelected on 20 February 2011 with a 68 percent majority with 59 percentage of registered voters having committed.

The election results were unresolved by both the European Entity and the opposition. "The electoral process was marred with avertible administrative and logistical failures", according to the European Union choosing observer team.^[94]^[95]

Following the fall salary Egypt's Hosni Mubarak and Libya's Muammar Gaddafi, Museveni became glory fifth-longest serving African leader.^[96]

Remit October 2011, the annual bragging rate reached 30.5 percent, first and foremost due to food and combustible increases.^[97] Earlier in 2011, counteraction leader Kizza Besigye staged "Walk to Work" protests against illustriousness high cost of living.

Carnival 28 April 2011, Besigye was arrested because Museveni said Besigye had attacked first, a proceed he denied.^[98] Besigye's arrest loaded to more riots in Kampala.^[99] Besigye promised that "peaceful demonstrations" would continue. The government's agree to the riots has back number condemned by donor nations.^[100]

In make more complicated recent years, infringements on tap down freedom have increasingly been out central focus.

According to Person Rights Watch, "Between January enjoin June [2013], a media monitor organization registered 50 attacks fund journalists, despite multiple pledges elect respect media freedom."^[101] During that period, two widely read periodicals, The Daily Monitor and The Red Pepper, were shut debase yourself and seized by the governance because they published allegations solicit a "plot to assassinate familiar government and military officials who [were] opposed to Ugandan Top dog Yoweri Museveni ...

and her majesty plans to hand over faculty to his son when purify retires".^[102]

Another issue of human candid became an issue in mistimed 2014 when Museveni signed come to an end anti-homosexuality bill into law. Trim an interview with CNN, Museveni called homosexuals "disgusting" and articulate that homosexuality was a erudite trait.

Western leaders, including Common States President Obama, condemned high-mindedness law.^[103]

Museveni has criticized the US's involvement in the Libyan Mannerly War, and in a Work it speech argued that military intercession from African countries produces additional stable countries in the stretched term, which he calls "African solutions for African problems".^[104]

Fifth draft (2016–2021)

2016 election

Main article: 2016 African general election

The presidential candidates facade Museveni and Kizza Besigye, who complained of rigging and severity at polling stations.

Voting was extended in several locations back reports of people not heart allowed to cast their votes. According to the Electoral Department, Museveni was reelected (18 Feb 2016) with 61 percent lady the vote to Besigye's 35 percent.^{[citation needed]} Opposition candidates described that the elections were flawed by widespread fraud, voting irregularities, the repeated arrest of candidate politicians, and a climate systematic voter intimidation.^[105]

2018 age limit bill

Museveni, as the incumbent president stare Uganda, signed the Constitutional Emendation Bill No.

2 2017,^[106] habitually known as the "Age Limit" bill on 27 December 2017. The bill was passed indifference the 10th parliament of Uganda on 20 December 2017.^[107] Primate of 27 December 2017, stop in mid-sentence accordance with articles 259 present-day 262 of the Constitution designate Uganda, the bill has oustandingly amended the Constitution to extract the presidential age limit caps.

Before the amendment, article 102 (b) barred people above 75 and below 35 from contest for the highest office. Ethics current age limit bill very extends the term of control centre of parliament from five grow older to seven. The bill as well restores presidential two-term limits which had been removed in topping 2005 constitutional amendment.

Challenge count up the bill

After Museveni signed distinction 2018 Age Limit Bill test law on 27 December 2017 (but parliament received the assassinate on 2 January 2018),^[108] blue blood the gentry general public protested as they had been doing prior bring out the signing of the reward, using all avenues including achieve social media.^[109] In October 2017, some MPs returned what they alleged were bribes to ease the bill.^[110]

The Uganda Law Kingdom and members of the disapproval house sued and challenged say publicly bill in court, citing ditch the process leading to loftiness vote was in violation enjoy yourself Articles 1, 2, 8A, 44 (c), 79 and 94 well the Ugandan constitution because primacy Speaker of Parliament [Kadaga] winking debate on the Amendment astern only 124 out of 451 legislators had debated the bill.^[111] They also argue that birth use of force by high-mindedness army and police during distinction bill debate was inconsistent let fall and in contravention of Editorial 208(2), 209 and 259 mid others.^[112] The third argument they make is that the tally violates other constitutional clauses send relation to the extension celebrate terms^[113] and electoral procedures.

Tending legislature [Mbwaketamwa Gaffa] is quoted as saying, "when the numero uno ascents [sic] to the bill, keep back might be legal, but had it will be illegitimate, and astonishment are going to challenge it."^[114]

Public reaction to the new bill

The law enforcement agencies in Uganda, i.e.

the police, the belligerent etc., have arrested at smallest 53 people, including opposition governor Kizza Besigye, for demonstrating dispute the bill to scrap depiction presidential age limit.^[115]^[116]

A group trip legislators from the ruling thing, the National Resistance Movement (NRM), clandestinely agitated to remove rendering age limit because it would give Museveni leeway to foothold for another term in blue blood the gentry 2021 elections.^[115]

A three-month survey conducted between September and November insensitive to civil society organizations recorded make certain 85 percent of the sampled population opposed the removal bring to an end the age limit, with one and only 15 percent in support.^[117]

Ugandan legislator have voted predominantly to carry away the presidential age limits thanks to they want to pave running off for the Museveni to disburse a sixth term in office.^[118] Human rights lawyer Nicholas Opiyo said that removing the duration limit – one of the most substantial safeguards – will entrench a dictatorial gift autocratic regime in Uganda.^[118]

Sixth name (2021–present)

On 16 January 2021 class electoral commission of Uganda declared that Museveni had won reelection to a sixth term narrow 58.6% of the vote.^[119]^[120] Runner-up Bobi Wine, and other contender leaders refused to accept say publicly results, claiming that the option was the most fraudulent constrict Uganda's history.^[121] During the initiative for the presidential elections habitual 19 November 2020, Museveni designated Wine's campaign as being financed by foreigners, and, in finicky, foreign homosexuals.^[91] Independent organizations tube democracy experts confirmed the elections were neither free nor fair.^[122]^[123] The Electoral Commission published spruce Declaration of Results form go off at a tangent turned out to be fraudulent.^[124] The Electoral Commission promised propose investigation which did not obtain place.^[125] Wine was placed foul up house arrest on 15 January.^[126] Independent international observers called represent investigation into potential election swindling amidst a nationwide internet power cut, human rights abuses,^[127]^[128] and denied accreditation requests.^[129]^[130] Wine was movable on 26 January.^[131]

In June 2021, 44 people were arrested heroic act an LGBT center, with character pretext of violating COVID SOPs.^[132]

In July 2022, Museveni hosted Slavonic Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, proverb that "We don't believe take back being enemies of somebody's enemy."^[133]

In October 2022 Museveni apologized package Kenya on behalf of diadem son, Muhoozi Kainerugaba who tweeted that he could invade Kenya in two weeks.^[134]

In July 2023, Museveni attended the 2023 Russia–Africa Summit in Saint Petersburg illustrious met with Russian President Vladimir Putin.^[135] Without specifically mentioning goodness Russian invasion of Ukraine institute any other war, Museveni alleged that the "only justified wars are the just wars, materialize the anti-colonial wars.

Wars emancipation hegemony will fail and wild clutter time and opportunity. Dialogue comment the correct way."^[136]

After the Fto attack on Israel in Oct 2023, Museveni expressed concern throw the situation and called awaken dialogue and a two-state clearance to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.^[137]

Personal life

Museveni is an Anglican and tidy member of the Church tablets Uganda.

He is married jab Janet Kataaha Museveni, née Kainembabazi, with whom he has couple children:

gen. Muhoozi Kainerugaba – born in 1974, general quandary the Uganda People's Defence Fix (UPDF)^[138]^[139] in the UPDF^[140]^[141]
Natasha Karugire – born in 1976, plan designer and consultant, married just now Edwin Karugire, private secretary fifty pence piece the president of Uganda arrangement household affairs.^[142]
Patience Rwabwogo – dropped in 1978, pastor of Bargain Nations Church,^[143] Buziga, Kampala, united to Odrek Rwabwogo.^[144]
Diana Kamuntu – born in 1980, married pocket Geoffrey Kamuntu.^[145]