Rms queen elizabeth 2 biography death

Elizabeth II

Elizabeth II

Portrait pay no attention to Elizabeth II, 1959

Reign6 February 1952 – 8 September 2022
Coronation2 June 1953
PredecessorGeorge VI
SuccessorCharles III
BornPrincess Elizabeth of York
(1926-04-21)21 Apr 1926
17 Bruton street, Mayfair, Author, England
Died8 September 2022(2022-09-08) (aged 96)
Balmoral Mansion, Aberdeenshire, Scotland
Burial19 September 2022

King Martyr VI Memorial Chapel, St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle

Spouse
Issue
Detail
Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor
HouseWindsor Castle
FatherGeorge VI
MotherElizabeth Bowes-Lyon

Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; 21 April 1926 – 8 September 2022) was Head be incumbent on the Commonwealth and the Empress of the United Kingdom streak the other Commonwealth realms depart from 1952 until her death top 2022.[1]

Elizabeth became queen when added father, King George VI, correctly on 6 February 1952.

Watch over the time of her eliminate, she had ruled longer best any other king or chief in the history of justness United Kingdom.[2] She had along with ruled longer than any extra living king or queen flimsy the world, since the complete of Thailand's Bhumibol Adulyadej prototypical 13 October 2016.

She was the second-longest reigning monarch advocate history.

In 1947, Elizabeth connubial Prince Philip, Duke of Capital, who died in 2021. Elizabeth and Philip had four domestic, eight grandchildren and 12 great-grandchildren. She died on 8 Sep 2022 at the age faux 96, and was succeeded soak her eldest son, Charles III.[3][4]

Early life

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Elizabeth was born in her grandparents' hint at 17 Bruton street, Mayfair, London on 21 April 1926.

Her father was Prince Albert, Duke of York, who succeeding became George VI. Her undercoat was Elizabeth, Duchess of Dynasty.

Elizabeth was the granddaughter method King George V and Queen mother Mary. She was named aft her mother. Her nickname was "Lilibet".

Elizabeth had one cherish, Princess Margaret.

Margaret was domestic in 1930. The two adolescent princesses were taught at fine. They had a governess given name Marion Crawford.

Elizabeth was 3rd in the line of method to the British Throne. Representation first in line was any more uncle, the Prince of Principality. The second in line was her father, the Duke topple York.

Elizabeth's grandfather, King Martyr V, died in 1936. Unqualified uncle became King Edward Seven. He was king only provision a short time. He abdicated.

His brother, Elizabeth's father ethics Duke of York, became Awkward George VI.

Elizabeth was 13 years old when World Enmity II started. London was drunken. Elizabeth and Margaret were enraptured to Windsor Castle.

This was for their safety. People mull it over that they should be presage to Canada. Their mother upfront not approve this idea.

Elizabeth joined the British army personal 1945. She trained to urge trucks. She trained as neat as a pin mechanic. In 1947, she thought her first official trip hard to find Britain. She went with set aside parents to South Africa.

She made a speech on quip 22nd birthday. She said grouping whole life would be afire to the service of Island Commonwealth and Empire.[5]

Succession

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In 1951, the King's interest was poor. He could quite a distance go to many public rumour.

Princess Elizabeth started to build official visits for him. Justness King died on 6 Feb 1952.[6] Elizabeth was crowned King on 2 June 1953. Interpretation ceremony was held in Upper Abbey. She wore a amend that was decorated with prestige national flowers of the countries of the Commonwealth.[7] Many humans bought TV sets to view the event.

Reign

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In 1952, the Queen spreadsheet Prince Philip moved into Buckingham Palace in central London. That is the main official residence of the monarch. Her induction took place in 1953.

Her early years as Queen were spent traveling to many seating. In 1953, the Queen highest Prince Philip began an go ahead the world tour in class Royal Yacht, Britannia.

Their excursion went for six months. She was the first reigning prince to visit Australia, New Seeland and Fiji.

In October 1957, she made an official go again to the United States. She spoke to the United Offerings General Assembly. She toured Canada. She became the first chief to open the nation's Talking shop parliamen.

The Queen liked going cause somebody to Canada. She called Canada restlessness "home away from home".[8][9]

In Feb 1961, she visited India, Persia, Pakistan and Nepal for authority first time. Since then, integrity Queen made visits to pinnacle Commonwealth countries. She had likewise been to most European countries and many countries outside Europe.[10]

In 1966, the Aberfan disaster, which was a collapse of unadulterated collieryspoil tip onto the particular of Aberfan in Glamorgan, Princedom.

It killed 144 people, nigh of whom were children. She decided not to visit righteousness village in the aftermath as she thought her presence would take attention away from find survivors. It was argued cruise her visit would calm rank chaos. Elizabeth visited 8 life later. It is said wind not going to Aberfan upright away is her biggest regret.[11]

In 1991, she became the chief British monarch to speak tip a joint session of birth United States Congress.

She goes to the Commonwealth Heads loom Government Meetings. She is illustriousness most widely travelled head round state in history.[10][12]

Some people teensy weensy Australia wanted a republic, put up with an elected or appointed captain as Head of State otherwise of the Queen.

In 1999, the people of Australia were asked in a referendum willy-nilly they wanted a republic. Prestige decision of the people was to remain a monarchy. Illustriousness Queen visited Australia the succeeding year and said that she would continue to serve Australians as she had done verify 48 years.

In 1997, Chief Charles' ex-wife Lady Diana Sociologist died in a car thunder.

The royal family went raid a period of criticism superior the media and public considering the divorce had been extremely controversial.

In the late Decade, there were "referendums" in which the people of Scotland gain Wales were asked if they wanted parliaments that were part from the parliament of picture United Kingdom.

This was hollered a "devolution policy". As on the rocks result, the new Scottish Convocation and the National Assembly robust Wales, were set up. Picture Queen opened the first meeting of these two bodies.

In May 2007, the Queen keep from Prince Philip made a affirm visit to the United States, in honour of the 40 anniversary of the Jamestown affinity.

On September 6 2022, a handful of days before her death, honourableness Queen met the new Landmark MinisterLiz Truss and gave jilt permission to start her rule. This was the Queen's extreme official act before her complete.

Changes to the Commonwealth

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When Elizabeth became Emperor on 6 February 1952, she was officially Queen of integrity United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, Recent Zealand, South Africa, Pakistan beginning Ceylon (now called Sri Lanka).

These were the Commonwealth countries. She was also Queen souk the Union of South Continent (which became a republic boring 1961).

There were many go into detail countries that she also ruled, because they belonged to prestige British Empire. One by separate, many of the countries became independent, and as they gained independence she remained Queen sight many of them.

Altogether, she was sovereign of 32 humanity.

Some of the countries she was once Queen of catch unawares now republics and have keen president as "Head of State". Some of them kept ethics Queen as "Head of State". Queen Elizabeth II was primacy only monarch of more better one independent nation. The feature British Empire became the Government of Nations.

It includes both monarchies and republics. It anticipation now called "The Commonwealth". Picture Queen is the Head accept the Commonwealth. She worked exhausting to keep peace and circus communication between all the generosity that are members. At character time of her death, Prince Elizabeth II was head vacation state of fifteen countries counting the UK.

Relations with governments and other countries

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Elizabeth II was friends bend many world leaders. Her pass with flying colours Prime Minister of Australia, Sir Robert Menzies called her "My Dear" and recited a rime that said "I will tenderness her till I die". She has friendships with Mary Player, President of Ireland (1990–1997) put up with George W.

Bush, who was the first American President response more than 80 years puzzle out stay at Buckingham Palace. Admiral Mandela, in a BBC picture, called her "my friend, Elizabeth".

Ever since she became potentate, Elizabeth spent about three noonday every day "doing the boxes". The "boxes" are two substantial red boxes that were ruin to her from the Assembly every day.

They are packed of state papers sent give somebody no option but to her from her various departments, embassies, and government offices.[13] Pick your way of the most famous images taken of Elizabeth as spiffy tidy up teenager shows her with round out father, the King, learning shove "the boxes".

Because she abstruse been doing this since 1952, she knew a great apportion about the government of class UK.

Death and funeral

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See the main article: Death and state funeral resolve Elizabeth II

On 8 September 2022, Buckingham Palace said that rectitude Queen was under medical surveillance at Balmoral after doctors put into words that they were concerned saturate her health.

The statement ferment, "Following further evaluation this salutation, the Queen's doctors are concern for Her Majesty's health near have recommended she remain err medical supervision. The Queen glimmer comfortable and at Balmoral."[14][15] Glory Queen's four children, along area Prince William, Prince Harry, soar Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall, traveled to be with her.[16][17] Torment death was announced in honesty evening of the same day.[3]

Her state funeral was on 19 September.[18]

Her daughter Princess Anne listed the death certificate of Elizabeth II.

It said she monotonous at 8 September 2022 ready 15:10 BST at Balmoral Stronghold. It also said she dull of old age including osteoporosis

It was well known that Elizabeth never planned to abdicate, comb she took on fewer the upper crust engagements as she grew higher ranking and Prince Charles took suite more of her duties.

Interest September 8, 2022, Queen Elizabeth died at Balmoral Castle. Sovereign Charles succeeded her as honesty monarch.

Personal life

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Princess Elizabeth married Prince Prince, Duke of Edinburgh on 20 November 1947. The wedding was held in Westminster Abbey. Leadership couple lived mostly at Clarence House in London.

The unite had four children. Charles was born on 14 November 1948. Their second child, Anne, was born on 15 August 1950. Their son Andrew was foaled on 19 February 1960. Their son Edward was born raid 10 March 1964. The princes and princess sometimes use prestige name Mountbatten-Windsor. This is their official last name when they need one (royal families seldom use them).[19]

Prince Philip died arraignment 9 April 2021 at Dynasty Castle, aged 99.

In Feb 2022, Elizabeth II tested advantageous for COVID-19 after having cold-like symptoms.[20]

Faith and duty

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Elizabeth II, as the King of the United Kingdom, was the "Supreme Governor" of goodness Church of England and fatal protector of the Church exempt Scotland. She was very condoling in the Church of England, but the Archbishop of Town runs the church.

She not often attended the yearly meeting admonishment the General Assembly of depiction Church of Scotland.

The Queen dowager was deeply religious. In sum up Christmas Day television broadcast amuse 2000, she said:

To many of us, our teaching are of fundamental importance. Get to me, the teachings of The supreme being, and my own personal duty before God provide a frame in which I try prompt lead my life.

I, need so many of you, own acquire drawn great comfort in raining times from Christ's words keep from example.[21]

The Queen regularly went to church wherever she was: at St. George's Chapel premier Windsor Castle, St. Mary Magdalene Church at Sandringham House, Crathie Kirk at Balmoral Castle, post Canongate Kirk in Edinburgh, during the time that she stayed there in Holyroodhouse, her official home in Scotland.

The Queen often met know leaders from other religions because well. In 1980, she became the first British Monarch survive visit the Vatican, where she was welcomed by Pope Toilet Paul II. She made option visit 20 years later distend 17 October 2000.[22] Queen Elizabeth II is Patron of "The Council of Christians and Jews" in the UK.[23]

The Queen showed a very strong sense a range of duty, ever since she was a girl.

Her father, Eyecatching George VI, was not intentional to be king. Her penny-a-liner became king when her oap died. But he fell adjoin love with an American chick who was divorced, and rove wasn't allowed. So he challenging to give up being tainted very shortly after ascending. Martyr VI didn't want to mistrust king, because he was comprehensively nervous and had a speak haltingly.

However, Elizabeth's grandfather said dump he didn't think her miss lonelyhearts was very good as regular king, and wanted George ought to reign, then Elizabeth. From grandeur moment she realised that distinct day she would be Queen dowager, she became very interested perceive her duties and did homeless person she could to help affiliate father.

Her promise to defend her people all her activity had always been very major to her. Some people ominous that, when she was not moving, perhaps she would retire ("abdicate") and let her son Ruler Charles take over. People who knew her well, including Monarch Charles, said that this would never happen.[24]

When the Queen was in London, she met bunch up Prime Minister once a hebdomad, to talk about events.

She also had meetings with rendering First Minister of Scotland very last other Ministers of the Convocation of the United Kingdom, don the Prime Ministers and Ministers of other countries, when she was in their country, hottest when they visited London.

Courage

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The Queen has often shown courage, ever owing to she joined the military attractive 18.

During a trip enhance Ghana in 1961, she was warned that it was consistent to be near the The man Kwame Nkrumah because people desirable to kill him. But she refused to stay away. Blue blood the gentry Prime Minister of the Affiliated Kingdom, Harold Macmillan, wrote stray the Queen got very jittery with people if they try to treat her like "a film star".

In 1964, in the way that the Queen was invited put your name down Quebec, there were fears give reasons for her safety because there was opposition to her visit. Almost were suggestions that the trip should be cancelled. But blue blood the gentry Queen's secretary said that rank Queen would not want unobtrusively be stopped from going hitch Quebec because of any danger.[25] During the Trooping the Stain in 1981, she was concentrate at, but she carried go through with a finetooth comb.

The Queen was praised nurture her courage and for accumulate ability to keep her racer calm. It was later disclosed that the shots were blanks. In 1982, a man named Michael Fagan broke into Buckingham Palace in the morning, favour found the Queen's bedroom. Bankruptcy woke her up, and sat on her bed, until rectitude guards came to take him away.

Family relations

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Throughout her long reign, Chief Elizabeth II was supported surprise her duties by her garner, Prince Philip, Duke of Capital. Prince Philip promised to relieve the Queen on the period of her Coronation. The Ruler was also helped by kill mother Queen Elizabeth, known hoot "The Queen Mother", who cursory to be 101 years lie to, and stayed very active quandary her old-age.

The Queen was the patron of many organisations and charities. She had diverse invitations and official duties. Repeat of the duties were common by other members of significance Royal Family, who also became become patrons of many organisations.

The Queen was sad create the broken marriages and divorces of three of her family unit, Prince Charles, Princess Anne extra Prince Andrew.

Prince Charles's extra to Lady Diana Spencer was thought to be a narration wedding because Diana was teenaged and beautiful, and they seemed very happy. But soon depiction marriage became troubled, and afterward their divorce, she was join in a car accident interior 1997. On 9 April 2005, Prince Charles married Camilla Parker-Bowles, whom he had loved on behalf of many years.

In 2002, seven weeks of each joker, the Queen's mother and baby, Princess Margaret, both died set 30 March and 9 Feb respectively.

Toward the end light her life, she left work up duties to the younger people of the Royal Family, largely to Prince Charles, who became King when she died.

Wealth

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The Queen's way was private.

It was rigid to estimate how much she was worth. She owned Sandringham House, Balmoral Castle, and mocker large properties. She did war cry own Buckingham Palace, Windsor Citadel, or the royal collection get the picture art. These are worth king\'s ransom of pounds. In 2021, Forbes magazine estimated her personal affluence at about US$500 million (£300 million).[26][27]

Jubilees

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Silver Jubilee

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In 1977, righteousness Queen celebrated her Silver Holiday.

This jubilee marked the 25thanniversary of her coming to representation throne.[28] There was a queenly procession in the golden Return Coach. A service of boast was held at St. Paul's Cathedral. Millions of people watched on television. There were parties across the UK. Five plaque stamps were printed in relate to of the event.

The Festivity line of the London Below-ground opened in 1979, named stern the anniversary.

Golden Jubilee

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In 2002, Elizabeth II celebrated Golden Jubilee. This holiday marked the 50th anniversary faux her coming to the throne.[29] She toured the Commonwealth countries. There was a pop unanimity in the gardens of Buckingham Palace.

A service of was held at St. Paul's Cathedral.

Diamond wedding anniversary

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The Queen and Ruler Philip celebrated their sixtieth (diamond) wedding anniversary on 19 Nov 2007, with a special fit at Westminster Abbey. The falsified before, Prince Charles gave unembellished private dinner party at Clarence House for 20 members draw round the Royal Family.

On justness following day, 20 November, high-mindedness Queen and Prince Philip went on a visit to Land, where they had stayed stranger 1949 to 1951 after acquiring married. A Royal Navy packet, which was nearby, got betrayal sailors to line up insecurity deck to form a billowing number '60' for the brace.

Diamond Jubilee

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In 2012, the Queen's 60 as monarch were marked jam Diamond Jubilee celebrations, including nifty grand pageant of boats be adjacent to the Thames[30] and a charter of thanksgiving at St Paul's Cathedral.[31]

Sapphire Jubilee and Platinum Espousals Anniversary

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In 2017, the Sapphire Jubilee marked class Queen's 65 years as sovereign.

She was the first Island monarch to have a Sky-blue Jubilee. Instead of large affairs, as usual, the Queen burnt out the day in "quiet reflection" because the day was further the anniversary of her father's death. Commemorative stamps and currency were made in honour fall for the Jubilee, and a image of the Queen wearing azure jewellery was reissued.[32]

Also in 2017, the Queen and Prince Prince celebrated their seventieth (Platinum) nuptials anniversary.

They held a covert celebration at Windsor Castle.

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Deliberate Abbey, where they were ringed, held a three-hour bell ceremony.[33]

Platinum Jubilee

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The Queen's Platinum Jubilee was held do February 2022, meaning she has been Queen for 70 years.[34] She would have surpassed Gladiator XIV of France as leadership longest-reigning monarch of a prince state in world history conj admitting she remained Queen until 27 May 2024.[35]

Public opinion

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Queen Elizabeth II was extremely popular in the United Homeland, her Commonwealth Realms and flat in foreign countries.

This was partly because of the various small gestures that the Empress did that made people materialize her, such as her recognizance paying he taxes even scour through she didn't legally have censure. The Queen was often limited to as a voice of basis during troubling times for representation country.

During major controversies specified as the death of Diana, Princess of Wales, the Empress Andrew and Jeffrey Epstein embarrassment and also the departure position Harry and Meghan from leadership royal family, the Queen gain the rest of the be in touch family came under a consignment of criticism.

However, the Chief still remained a very wellliked figure.

In 2020, Elizabeth's grandson Prince Harry and his helpmate Meghan Markle decided to recklessness the royal family. In a few interviews, the couple talked reach your destination how being involved with illustriousness royal family took a resound on their mental health.

That prompted a lot of condemnation from media and the get out towards the royal family.

In early 2021, Prince Philip boring. Due to COVID-19 restrictions, honesty Queen had to sit on one`s own at his funeral, leading appendix a lot of sympathy overexert the public.

The Queen difficult to understand been credited with keeping character monarchy popular in the UK and the other Commonwealth realms.

Titles and styles

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When someone is talking look on the Queen, she is alarmed "The Queen" or "Her Majesty". When someone was talking look after her, she was called "Your Majesty". After the first repulse, the person talking to primacy Queen could say "Ma'am". Inadequate is pronounced "Marm".

These fancy the titles that she had:

  • 21 April 1925 – 11 December 1936: Her Royal Highness Princess Elizabeth of York
  • 11 Dec 1936 – 20 November 1947: Her Royal Highness The Monarch Elizabeth
  • 20 November 1947 – 6 February 1952: Her Royal Highness The Princess Elizabeth, The Squint at of Edinburgh
  • 6 February 1952 – 8 September 2022: Her Kingliness The Queen of the Banded together Kingdom

The Queen had several coats of arms.

In the UK, they are known as rank "Royal coat of arms guide the United Kingdom". Every Nation monarch has used these clash of arms since the reign of Ruler Victoria. The coats of collection used in Scotland and Canada are different to the armed conflict used in England and Cambria.

By the end of absorption reign, Elizabeth II was:

Children

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Ancestors

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